How to install Kamaillio on Raspberry Pi 3 or 4?

Kamailio is an open source SIP server that can be used for various VoIP and real-time communication applications, and it can be installed on a wide range of platforms, including the Raspberry Pi.

Before installation, you should:

Install Lite Raspberry OS (without desktop) on a SD card
Enable SSH service
Setup username and password
Insert this SD card into Pi’s SD slot
Power on Raspberry pi.

How to install Kamaillio on Raspberry Pi 3 or 4?

How to install Kamailio on Raspberry Pi?

To download and install Kamailio on Raspberry Pi OS, you can follow these steps:

Open the terminal on your Raspberry Pi OS.
Update the package lists and upgrade the packages by running the following commands:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

Install the necessary packages for building Kamailio by running the following command:

sudo apt-get install build-essential bison flex libmysqlclient-dev libssl-dev libxml2-dev libdb-dev libsctp-dev libradiusclient-ng-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libpcre3-dev libjson-c-dev libyaml-dev libsqlite3-dev pkg-config

Download the latest version of Kamailio from the official website using the following command:

wget https://www.kamailio.org/pub/kamailio/latest/src/kamailio-5.5.5_src.tar.gz

Extract the downloaded archive using the following command:

tar xzf kamailio-5.5.5_src.tar.gz

Navigate to the extracted directory using the following command:

cd kamailio-5.5.5

Build and install Kamailio using the following commands:

make cfg
make all
sudo make install

Kamailio is now installed on your Raspberry Pi OS. You can start the Kamailio service using the following command:

sudo systemctl start kamailio

To enable Kamailio to start automatically at boot, use the following command:

sudo systemctl enable kamailio

That’s it. Kamailio is now installed and ready to use on your Raspberry Pi OS.

How to configure Kamailio?

Configuring Kamailio can be a complex process, but here are some general steps to help you get started:

Open the Kamailio configuration file: The configuration file for Kamailio is located in the /usr/local/etc/kamailio/kamailio.cfg directory. You can open this file using a text editor.
Configure the basic settings: The configuration file contains many parameters that control the behavior of Kamailio. Some of the basic settings that you may want to configure include the SIP port, the IP address of the network interface, and the number of worker processes.
Define SIP users and domains: Kamailio needs to know which SIP users and domains it should handle. You can define SIP users and domains by adding entries to the users and alias sections of the configuration file.
Configure routing: Kamailio uses routing rules to determine how to handle incoming SIP messages. You can configure routing by adding entries to the request_route and reply_route sections of the configuration file.
Configure modules: Kamailio provides many modules that can be used to add additional functionality to the SIP server. You can configure which modules should be loaded and how they should be used by adding entries to the loadmodule and modparam sections of the configuration file.
Save the configuration file: Once you have made the necessary changes to the configuration file, save the file and exit the text editor.
Test the configuration: Before starting Kamailio, it is a good idea to test the configuration file for syntax errors.

You can do this by running the following command:

sudo kamailio -f /usr/local/etc/kamailio/kamailio.cfg -c

If there are no syntax errors, Kamailio will output a message indicating that the configuration file is OK.

Start Kamailio: Once the configuration file has been tested, you can start Kamailio by running the following command:

sudo kamailio -f /usr/local/etc/kamailio/kamailio.cfg

These are just some general steps to help you get started with configuring Kamailio.

Kamailio provides many advanced features and settings, so it may be helpful to consult the official documentation or seek assistance from the Kamailio community for more advanced configurations.

How to create an zextension in Kamailio?

Creating extensions in Kamailio involves defining a SIP user and routing incoming calls to that user. Here are some general steps to create an extension:

1. Define a SIP user:

To define a SIP user in Kamailio, you need to create a new entry in the SIP user database. Here are the steps to do this:

Open the kamailio.cfg configuration file in a text editor.
Locate the section that defines the SIP user database, usually called “db_url” or “auth_db”.
Depending on the database backend you are using (such as MySQL or PostgreSQL), you will need to create a new table or modify an existing one to store SIP user information. The table should contain at least the following fields:

- username: the SIP user’s username, typically in the format “user@domain”
- password: the SIP user’s password, stored in hashed form for security
- ha1: an MD5 hash of the username, realm, and password, used for digest authentication

Once the database table is set up, you can add new SIP users by inserting a new row into the table. The exact syntax for this will depend on the database backend you are using.

For example, to add a new SIP user “alice@example.com” with password “secret”, you might use a SQL query like the following (assuming MySQL):

INSERT INTO sip_users (username, password, ha1) VALUES ('alice@example.com', MD5('secret'), MD5('alice@example.com:example.com:secret'));

Once the SIP user is defined in the database, Kamailio will be able to authenticate and route SIP messages for that user. You can also define additional parameters for the user, such as their IP address or SIP port, using other configuration directives in kamailio.cfg.

For example:

The below code defines an extension with the number 1000 and a password of “secret”.

It also sets the authentication realm to “example.com”.

Incoming calls to the extension are routed to a specific destination (e.g. a SIP phone) using the route block.

Note that this is just an example and may need to be modified to fit your specific use case.

# define extension 1000 with password secret
modparam("auth_db", "db_url", "mysql://user:password@localhost/kamailio")
loadmodule("auth_db.so")
loadmodule("avpops.so")

# set authentication realm
modparam("auth", "realm", "example.com")

# define user
if (!db_exists("subscriber", "username=$avp(username)")) {
   xlog("L_ERR", "invalid username\n");
   exit;
}

if (!check_password($avp(password))) {
   xlog("L_ERR", "invalid password\n");
   exit;
}

# route calls to extension 1000 to a specific destination (e.g. SIP phone)
route {
   if (uri == "sip:1000@example.com") {
      t_relay();
   }
}

2. Route incoming calls to the extension:

Once the SIP user is defined, you can route incoming calls to the extension by adding entries to the request_route section of the configuration file.

You can use the lookup function to check if the called number matches the extension and then forward the call to the appropriate destination.

For example:

# route calls to extension 1000 to a SIP phone
route {
if (lookup("alias","dbaliases","1000","uri")) {
if ($rU== "1000") {
t_relay("udp:192.168.1.100:5060");
}
}
}

In this example, incoming calls to extension 1000 will be routed to the SIP phone at IP address 192.168.1.100 on port 5060.

You can customize this routing logic to suit your specific needs.

3. Reload the configuration file:

Once you have made the necessary changes to the configuration file, you can reload the configuration file to apply the changes without restarting Kamailio.

You can do this by running the following command:

sudo kamctl fifo reload_config

These are just some general steps to help you create an extension in Kamailio.

Kamailio provides many advanced features and settings for routing and handling calls, so it may be helpful to consult the official documentation or seek assistance from the Kamailio community for more advanced configurations.

How to install the UI on Kamailio?

Kamailio is primarily a command-line tool and does not have a built-in user interface.

However, there are several third-party web-based user interfaces that can be used to manage Kamailio.

Steps to install one of these user interfaces:

Choose a user interface: There are several user interfaces available for Kamailio, including Kamailio Management Panel (Kamailio-CP), Homer, and SIPWise C5. Choose the user interface that best fits your needs.
Install the user interface: Installation instructions for each user interface may vary, but most user interfaces can be installed using a package manager like apt or by downloading and manually installing the software. For example, to install Kamailio-CP using apt, you can run the following commands:

sudo apt-get update

sudo apt-get install kamailio kamailio-mysql-modules kamailio-tls-modules kamailio-utils-modules kamailio-websocket-modules kamailio-xml-modules

sudo apt-get install kamailio-CP

Configure the user interface: Once the user interface is installed, you will need to configure it to connect to your Kamailio server. This usually involves setting the IP address and port of the Kamailio server and providing login credentials. Configuration instructions will vary depending on the user interface you have chosen.
Access the user interface: After installation and configuration, you can access the user interface by navigating to the web address of the interface in your web browser.

Note that not all user interfaces are compatible with all versions of Kamailio.

Be sure to check the compatibility of the user interface with your version of Kamailio before installation.

Additionally, some user interfaces may require additional configuration of Kamailio or third-party software to function properly.